The matrix

To study the Universe in as much detail as possible requires revolutionary technology: better optics, more sensitive detectors and antennas, fast signal processing and novel techniques like interferometry. All these inventions have since worked their way into completely different fields, such as consumer electronics, communications and medical technology. Obviously, astronomers do not study the Universe to develop CCD cameras, WiFi or MRI scanners, but technological spin-offs are one of the beneficial side effects of the scientific exploration of the Universe.